There is a consensus in the medical profession that a subdural can only be caused through trauma and force, but there are notable cases of subdurals occurring for other reasons, which doctors must include as part of their investigations eg. undiagnosed vaccine damage, infection, race, birth trauma, accident, and biological (see case of baby born with a subdural haematoma . In a case that rests entirely on a 'balance of probabilities', the evidence is not tested, the result relying entirely on a doctor's findings.